For Your Knowledge

[zulqarnain]

DO U KNOW THAT
* Paleontology is the science of history of life.
* Mahavira(founder of jainism)and gautama buddha (founder of buddism) were contemporaries and flourished in india in the 6th century B.C.
* The three pyramids of eqypt were built from 2700 to 2500 B.C.,these are tombs of khufu,khafra and menkaura.
* The great wall of china was completed in 204 B.C.it is 1500 miles long.Its average height is 25 feet and about 12 feet wide at the top.
* The city rome was founded in 753 B.C. by romolus.
* Christianity emerged as the distinct sect in the second half of the first century A.D.
* The light of islam dawned in the 7th century A.D. when in 611 A.D. The Holy Prophet of Islam Muhammad (P.B.U.H) announced the revelation from the one true Allah.
* The muslim rule of spain lasted from 711 to 1492 A.D.
* The earth is calculated to b 4540 million years old.
* The statue of liberty (newyork) was installed in 1886.It is 151 feet one inch high from the base to torch.
* The world is divided into 24 time zones,each 15` longtitude wide. the longitudinal meridian passing through greenwich,England is the starting point and is called the prime meridian.
* Christopher columbus discovered bahamas on 12 oct 1492 A.D.
* Ostrich is the largest bird in the world.
* Saudi Arabia is the largest exporter of oil in the world.
* The world famous golden gate bridge is located in San francisco(usa).
* Russia invaded afghanistan on dec 27,1979.
* Hongkong was returned to china on july 1,1997.
* Eritrea became an independent state on may 24,1993.
* The normal temperature of human body is 98.6 F.
* A billion contain 1000 million. It has 9 zeroes. similarly a trillion has 12 zeroes,a quadrillion 15 zeroes,a quintillion 18 zeroes and a decillion 33 zeroes.
* One inch is equal to 2.5400 cms and one mile is equal to 1.6093 kms.
* About half of the world population speaks indo-european languages. The Indo-European branch to which english belongs is germanic.
* Air is composed of nitrogen (78.08%),oxygen (20.95%),argon (0.94%) and carbon dioxide (0.03%).
* The original inhabitants of USA are known as Red Indians.
* Out of the 193 sovereign independent nations of the world 147 are republics and other 46 are under personal rules (14 kings,1 emperor,3 queens,7 hereditary sheikhs,1 grand duke,2 sultans,1 constitutional monarch etc).
* Gwadar became a part of pakistan on september 9,1958.
* All india mulim league was formulated on december 30,1906 and first president was Sir Agha Khan.
* Hygrometer is instrument used for measuring humidity of air.
* Heliscope is used for viewing the sun.
* Asian development bank was established in 1966 with headquarter located at manila(philipine)
* China has the largest population,russia has largest land area and vatican city has smallest population and land area in the world
* Afghanistan got independence on 19th aug 1919.
* Lord clive was the first and lord mountbatten was the last british ruler of india.
* Air conditioner invented by "willis H. carrier"u.s. in 1902.
* Camera(photographic) has been invented by "Joseph N. Niepce"france in 1822.
* Largest continent of the world is "asia" and smallest is "australia".Largest ocean of the world is "pacific ocean"and smallest ocean is "indian ocean".The Sahara is the largest desert of the world.
* Kazakhstan is the largest muslim country in landarea in the world.it has an area of 1,049,000 sq.miles.Maldives is the smallest muslim country in land area of 115 sq. miles.
* Indonesia is the most populous muslim country and maldives is less populous muslim country.
* Antarctica is the uninhabited continent of the world which is without any regular population.
* Seoul (south korea) is the most populous city of the world.
* The lake baikal of russia has the maximum depth of 5315 feet.

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The largest tides of the world occur in Bay of fundy (canada).

The earth is the densest planet of universe .It has density of 5.515 time that of water.

Kilauea situated in Hawaii (US) is the most active volcano of the world

Nauru, an island located in western pacific ocean, is the smallest republic of the world.

La Paz,capital city of Bolivia (south america), is situated at an altitude of 3631 metres (12087 feet) from the sea level.

The panch pokhri lake situated in the himalaya mountains is the highest lake in the world.

The himalaya mountain range (asia) is the greatest mountain range in the world.

Mount Everest (2759 N 8656 E) is the highest mountain peak which is located on nepal-tibet border in the himalayas.

New Cornelia tailings on ten mile wash Arizona USA with a volume of 209500 million cubic metres is the world,s largest volume dam.

Petronas tower-I is the tallest building in the world which is located in kuala lumpur (malaysia).

USA is the largest nuclear electric power producing country in the world.It produces 98784 MW electricity which is about 30% of the total nuclear electricity generated in the world.

Dalol Danaki depression in ethiopia with an average annual temperature of 35c (95f) is the hottest place on earth and Plateau station,in antaretica with an average annual temperature of -56.7c (-71.7f), is the coldest place of the globe.

The Atacama desert in chile is the driest place of the world and Masynram in Assam (india) is the wettest place in the world.

Canada has the longest coastline which is 151,489 miles in the length and Monaco`s coastline measures only 3.5 miles in length.

The present palace of sultan of brunei in the capital city of bandar seri begawan consisting of 1788 rooms is the largest palace.

Grand central terminal of new york is the largest railway station.it covers an area of 48 acres.

The seikan railway tunnel in japan is the longest railway tonned in the world,it s length is 33.50 miles (53.9 km)

the yellow stone national park (USA) is the largest national park.It has an area of 3350 sq miles.

The california university (USA) is the biggest university of the world..

King khalid international airport,riyadh (saudi arabia) is the largest airport in the world.

The port of new york and new jersey (USA) is the largest seaport in the world.

Mandarain (chinese) is the most spoken language of the world.It is estimated that a total number of 999 million ppl speak it.

The nobel prize is the largest prize.Each prize carries an amount of one million dollars.

Shah faisal mosque located in islamabad (pak) is the largest mosque.

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* The asian development bank established in 1966 with headquarter located at MANILA (philipines).

* Eqypt , Iraq , jorden , Lebanon , Saudi Arab , Syria and Yemen are the founder nations of the arab league.

* First world war was began on 1914 A.D. and second world war started in 1939 when germany attacked on poland, it is also considered as Greatest war.

* Columbus discovered america on 1492 A.D.

* The Royal Majesty ship Queen Elizabeth (UK) is the largest pessenger ship in the world.It is 314 metres long and 36 metres wide.

* The cambodian language is a language which has a total number of 74 alphabets.

* The Sumerian civilization is considered to be the oldest civilization of the world.

* Jericho,situated in the Jorden valley is the oldest town of the world.

* The maximum ever temperature of 136.4 F was recorded on september 13,1922 in the city Azizia (Libya) and The minimum temperature of -129.6 F was recorded in the town of Vostok near Antarctica on 24th august , 1960.

* The highest rainfall for one month was recorded at Indian town of Cherapoonje. 366,14 inches rain fell there during the month of july 1861.

* Robert E. Peary (1856-1920) an American explorer reached North Pole on 6th April,1909 for the first time in human history.

* Sierra Leone has the lowest GDP per capita of 510 US dollars and Luxembourg has the highest GDP per capita of 36,400 US dollars.

* The UNO originated during the second world war.Its charter was drawn up from 25th april to 26th june,1945 at San francisco which was signed by 51 countries.

* The umayyad Dynasty (661-750 A.D) was the first muslim dynasty.

* Light is the fastest thing in the universe.It travels at a phenomenal speed of 187,000 miles per second.

* According to the Forbcs magazine, There were 311 individual billionaires in the world.out of these, 108 belonged to USA,44 belonged to germany and 34 were japanese.

* Bill gates (USA),founder and chairman of microsoft corporation, is currently the richest person in the world and Liliane Bettencourt (france) is the richest woman in the world.

* People`s republic of china has the largest army of the world.

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Biological sciences


* For growth,viruses requires "Living Host".

* The deficiency of "Boron" micronutrients causes the death of the stem and root apices.

* Plant development is influenced by Quality,Quantity and Duration of light.

* Lettuce,wheat and spinach are the long day plants and Sugarcane, Soyabean and tobacco are short day plants.

* ATP is a molecule containing high energy bonds.

* Edible part of tomato is whole fruit.

* The primary producers of organic matter in nature are Green plants.

* The total weight of a cell in a leaf or a petal,water constitutes about 90%.

* The primary plant body consist of 3 tissue systems.

* A tissue is a group of cells having similar structure and function.

* The edible portion of mango is Mesocarp.

* The rice grain is a seed.

* Ethylene is a hormone concerned with Ripening of fruits.

* Bamboo is Grass.

* Cork cells are impervious to water because of the presence of Suberin.

* The biotic relationship between insects and plants with reference to pollination is called Mutualism.

* Historically, Joseph Priertley , recognized in 1727 A.D. that sunlight and air are important for the growth of plants.

* Opium is obtained from seed capsule of opium poppy.

* Carbon dioxide is required during photosynthesis process in addition to sunlight and water.

* The cavity of Ascaris is known as Coelom.

* The membranous labyrinth of the ear is filled with Endolymph.

* Crura-cerebri is found in Mid-brain.

* Man is Homoiothermic.

* The compound eye of insect produces Mosaic vision.

* The post embryoniv stages in the life history of cockroach is known as Nymphs.

* Ptyalin is present in the saliva.

* Central nervous system control the reflex action in the body.

* The terminal part of vertebral column in man is called Coceyx.

* Beingn tertain malaria is caused by plasmodium vivax.

* The life history of human malarial parasite in Anopheles was first described by Sir Ronald Ross.

* The mouth parts of anopheles are adapted to piercing and sucking type feeding.

* The "Urinary system" of the body consists of 3 organs.

* Haryersion canals are present in Bone.

* The heart bear is initiated and regulated by nodal tissue made of specialized cardiac muscles called Purkinje tusse.

* The gestation period of human being is Nine months.

* Amoebic dysentery in man is caused by Entamoeba histolytica.

* The first heart sound is produced when Diastole begins.

* Kari Landsteiner discovered the blood groups of man.

* Prothrombin which helps in clotting of blood is released by Blood platelets.

* Glycogen is mainly stored in Liver and muscles.

* Pepsin converts protein into peptides in acid media.

* The most important function of perspiration is to regulate the body temperature.

* The main function of white blood cells in the body is to protect the body against diseases.

* The number of chromosomes in the human body is 46.

* One micron is equal to One-thousandth of a millimeter.

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* Solar eclipse occurs at the new moon and not on the full moon and atleast one & seven is maximum no of solar eclipse in a year

* The highest earth quake severity on richter scale has been recorded at southern chile in 1960 which was 9.5.

* Hally's comet will return in the year 2062.

* The speed of light is nearly 300,000 km/sec.

* Our solar system has about 50 satellites.

* Blue colour has shortest wavelength.

* Bacteria ,fungi,virus are Non-green plants.

* LASER stands for "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation".

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* Brazil covers nearly half of south america

* The constitution of 1973 was enforced on 14th aug,1973.It is comprises of twelve parts consisting of 280 articles.

* Mian nawaz sharif inaugurated Lahore-islamabad Motorway (M-2) on 26th nov 1997 which is 339 km long and 33 metre wide.

* Mrs.Benazir bhutto reserved as prime miniter of pakistan twice viz.from 2 december 1988 to 6 aug 1990 and from 19th oct 1993 to 5th nov 1996.

* WAPDA (water and power development authority) is responsible for the generation and distribution of electricity.

* Indus water treaty was signed by india and pakistan in 1960 to resolve the outstanding canal water dispute bw 2 countries.

* The govt of pakistan convened a convention of Ulema from 21-24th jan 1951 at karachi. The convention was attended by 31 muslim religious scholars belonging to all sects of Islam.The Ulema agreed on 22 points.

* The miracle of a pregnant female camel was sent to the nation of samood.

* The soap was made by Hazrat Salih (AS) first of all.

* The nation of Hazrat Loot (AS) was destroyed by a rain of stones.

* In six days (Surah Yunus,Verse no three) Allah had created the earth and the heaven.

* 22 times along with namaz ,Zakat has been mentioned in the Holy Quran.

* Hajj made compulsory In the year 9 A.H.

* Hazrat Hamza (RA)was the first commander of Islamic Army.

* There are 114 surahs , 30 Paras and 6236 Ayats in the holy Quran.Surah-e-Fatiha is the first surah and Surah-e-Nas is the last Surah of the holy Quran.

* Seven stages are there in the Holy Quran.

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* A shooting star is a meteor that comes from space,burning out in the earth`s upper atmosphere.

* The total number of star visible with the naked eye can not be more than 6000.

* Star twinkle for two main reasons, The intensity of the stars decreases and increases because of line-of-sight effect and there are disturbance in the gases of the atmosphere.

* One light year is equal to 9461,000 million km ( 5875,000 million miles ).

* The earth is about three million miles closer to the sun in january.

* An engine which could do work equal to lifting 550 pounds one foot per second,is said to work at rate of one horsepower.

* The essential parts of radio are: Vacuum tubes, transistors , Amplifier and Oscillator.

* If you look at sky from the moon,It appears completely black because the moon has no atmosphere.

* FM stands for Frequency modulation.

* THere is no colour of the sky but it is the blue part of the white light of the sun which gets scattered by the dust particles hanging in the atmosphere.

* Kilowatt hour (kWh) is a bigger unit of energy used in addition to SI unit.

* Mitosis and meiosis are two types of cell division.

* Light travels at a speed of 186,000 miles per sec.

* The volcanoes of HAWAII are the most common and thoroughly studied in the world

* Acre-foot is a unit of volume and is used to measure irrigation water, runoff volume and reservoir capacity.

* Heme is Ferrous Protopo

* There is about 340 million cubic miles of liquid water on the surface of the earth

* Ducts are small tubes which transfer the secretion of glands.

* Borneo, sumatra , kenya ,uganda, brazil , colombia and equadore are some countries through which the equator passes.

* Computer virus has created from pakistan

* The dead sea is the world lowest sea.Its surface is 400 metres below the mediterranean.

* MegaWatt is a unit of power equal to 1000 kiloWatts.

* There are 15 main tectonic plates which makes the dynamic crust of the earth.

* Northern edge of the Atlama desert in Chile is richest with the desposits of copper.

* Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide at a temperature of -80 C.

* Hydro-electric power means production of electricity by making Dams.

* Chronic disease usually begins slowly and persists over a longer time

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* Pakistan Railway & german Company agreed on a fisiblity report of 750 km line

* Pakistan to Manufacture mobile phones from May 2007

* Abu Dhabi to Set-up Oil Refinery in Pakistan

* Salt production in Pakistan reaches One Mln Tonnes per Year

* Pakistan to increase Oil Output upto 100,000 Barrels Per Day

* Pakistan GDP in 2006 was estimated approximately $ 439.7 billion

* Fiscal budget for revenue and expenditure is targetted $ 19.8 billion and $ 25.7 billion respectively

* GDP growth rate is 6.6 %

* Population of pakistan is 165,803,560

* Population below poverty line is 25%.

* Export target for the year is estimated $18 billion and Import target is estimated $28 billion

* Privatisation target for the year is 75 billion

* $13 billion is reserved amount of pakistan

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GDP (purchasing power parity): $427.3 billion (2006 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate): $124 billion (2006 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: 6.5% (2006 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP): $2,600 (2006 est.)
GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 22%
industry: 26%
services: 52% (2006 est.)
Labor force: 48.29 million
note: extensive export of labor, mostly to the Middle East, and use of child labor (2006 est.)
Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 42%
industry: 20%
services: 38% (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate: 6.5% plus substantial underemployment (2006 est.)
Population below poverty line: 24% (FY05/06 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 4.1%
highest 10%: 27.6% (FY96/97)
Distribution of family income - Gini index: 41 (FY98/99)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 7.9% (2006 est.)
Investment (gross fixed): 15.6% of GDP (2006 est.)
Budget: revenues: $20.55 billion
expenditures: $25.65 billion; including capital expenditures of $NA (2006 est.)
Public debt: 55% of GDP (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products: cotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables; milk, beef, mutton, eggs
Industries: textiles and apparel, food processing, pharmaceuticals, construction materials, paper products, fertilizer, shrimp
Industrial production growth rate: 6% (2006 est.)
Electricity - production: 80.24 billion kWh (2004)
Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 68.8%
hydro: 28.2%
nuclear: 3%
other: 0% (2001)
Electricity - consumption: 74.62 billion kWh (2004)
Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (2004)
Electricity - imports: 0 kWh (2004)
Oil - production: 63,000 bbl/day (2005 est.)
Oil - consumption: 324,000 bbl/day (2004 est.)
Oil - exports: NA bbl/day (2004)
Oil - imports: NA bbl/day (2004)
Oil - proved reserves: 358.9 million bbl (2006 est.)
Natural gas - production: 27.4 billion cu m (2004 est.)
Natural gas - consumption: 27.4 billion cu m (2004 est.)
Natural gas - exports: 0 cu m (2004 est.)
Natural gas - imports: 0 cu m (2004 est.)
Natural gas - proved reserves: 759.7 billion cu m (1 January 2005 est.)
Current account balance: $-5.486 billion (2006 est.)
Exports: $19.24 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Exports - commodities: textiles (garments, bed linen, cotton cloth, yarn), rice, leather goods, sports goods, chemicals, manufactures, carpets and rugs
Exports - partners: US 24.8%, UAE 7.8%, Afghanistan 6.6%, UK 5.7%, Germany 4.5% (2005)
Imports: $26.79 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Imports - commodities: petroleum, petroleum products, machinery, plastics, transportation equipment, edible oils, paper and paperboard, iron and steel, tea
Imports - partners: Saudi Arabia 11.1%, UAE 10.3%, China 9.2%, Japan 6.4%, US 6%, Kuwait 5%, Germany 4.5% (2005)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $13.29 billion (2006 est.)
Debt - external: $42.38 billion (2006 est.)
Economic aid - recipient: $2.4 billion (FY01/02)
Currency (code): Pakistani rupee (PKR)
Currency code: PKR
Exchange rates: Pakistani rupees per US dollar - 60.5 (2006), 59.515 (2005), 58.258 (2004), 57.752 (2003), 59.724 (2002)
Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June

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The only fish that can blink with both eyes is a shark.

The Niagara falls froze solid as it was so cold in winter of 1932.

Tigers don't have striped fur but striped skin.

Compared to men, women blink nearly twice.

Its not possible to keep your eyes open and sneeze.(Don't try it) ;-)

An average American spends 6 months in his whole life at red lights.

The scissors was invented by Leonardo Da Vinci.

When we are born our nose and ears keeps growing but the size of our eyes remains the same.

The longest word typed with the left hand is stewardesses and with the right is lollipop. (Don't try others) ;-)

56% of the average typing work is done with the left hand.

In every two weeks if the stomach does not produce a new layer of mucus it will digest itself;-)

The words read left to right or right to left in the words racecar kayak and level are the same.

When a chocolate bar melted in the pocket after a researcher walked by a radar tube, he invented the microwave.

The brain of the Ostrich is smaller than its eyes.

Vocal sounds of a dog are 10 and that of a cat are over one hundred.

In each ear of the cat there are 32 muscles.

Life span of a dragonfly is 24 hours.

A snail can sleep for three years.