There are two basic network types that can be implemented in a home
environment: wireless and ethernet-based networks. In both of these
network systems, a router, a device that interconnects two or more
computer systems, is used to direct traffic between the computers and
other hardware devices connected to the network. The router also allows
for all the devices to share one Internet connection. A DSL or cable
modem is terminated to the router from where other computers can connect
and access the Internet either via a wired or a wireless connection
Security
In any network, especially one with a shared Internet connection,
security measures need to be implemented. Installing a software firewall
protects the network from malicious users and access to offensive
websites. A firewall can be installed directly on the router, if it
offers such support, otherwise, each computer system should have its own
firewall system. By default, the firewall blocks all incoming
information and needs your permission to allow incoming connections.
Network Adapters
Each computer on the network will need a network interface card
installed in order to allow a cable to run. Alternatively, a wireless
adapter will be needed to communicate with a wireless router. These are
hardware devices connected directly to the computer system that allow
communication in a network
Wi-Fi
This technology is used to interface all components that have a Wi-Fi
enabled device such as a video game console, PDA and a personal computer
and connect them to the Internet when within range. An access point,
usually a router with a broadcasting always-on Internet connection, is
used to create what is called a hotspot that can cover a designated
area. Wi-Fi networks are, however, vulnerable to interferences from
other electronic devices. In addition, high-bandwidth applications can
result in low speeds on the network, making it unreliable for streaming
high-bandwidth applications for multiple users.
Data Encryption
Wireless networks are especially vulnerable to sniffing attacks that
allow users within range to intercept wireless communication. In order
to reduce the risk of this, in-built encryption techniques in Wi-Fi
networks are deployed that offer a number of methods to secure wireless
data
Automatic Connections
Windows XP and Vista allows you to establish an automatic wireless
connection every time you are within range of the network. Thus, in a
home network environment, your computer or device will connect
automatically all the time once it is configured. An alert pops up from
the task bar notifying you when a connection is available.
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